Preface

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71901207) and the SOA research grant.

  • The aggregated compulsory third party liability data contains \(2119\) cars with \(4804\) years-at-risk and \(1059\) claims. The empirical claims frequency is \(0.22\). The claims frequency data of cars is saved as car_compulsory.csv.

  • The claims frequency data of commercial policies is saved as policy_commercial.csv. In the claims frequency analysis we may just study the claims frequency of TPL and property and treat the other coverages as risk factors.